The importance of root research in arid regions of northern China for water absorption and crop growth

The importance of root research in arid regions of northern China for water absorption and crop growth

Most of the nutrient absorption of crops is done by the root system, and a strong root system plays a key role in the absorption of crop nutrients and water. Especially in the arid regions of northern China, a strong root system is needed to absorb the deep water and nutrients in the soil. Therefore, it is of great significance to use the root system to study crop roots in the arid regions of the north for water absorption and crop production.

1. The increase in the number of winter wheat roots can be divided into the pre-winter seed root, the secondary root elongation, the secondary roots after winter, and the deep root root growth of seed roots. The accumulation of root biomass was also the two peaks before and after winter, and the post-winter peak was greater than the pre-winter peak. Its highest peak generally appears at the heading stage. The growth of root biomass showed a quintuplic curve.

2, observed in the root chamber conditions, we can see that the root depth of about two meters. In the natural conditions of large-diameter root drill, the maximum depth of detection of up to 5 meters. The number of roots and root weight in each growth period decreased as the depth of the soil deepened, and they followed the exponential decline model.

3. The root growth biomass was earlier than the aerial part and peaked at the heading date, while 50% of the dry weight above ground was formed after heading. Therefore, the ratio of crown to root increases with the growth period. This pattern of root dry matter accumulating earlier than aboveground parts just shows that root growth is a prerequisite for the growth of other organs.

4, Wang Miao type surface root volume, vertical decline (IBI value is large), so the lower root volume. This kind of root type consumes a large amount of water in the soil surface in the early stage, and the ability to use deep soil moisture in the middle and later stages is weak. The high-yield type of strong seedlings has a small vertical decline and a relatively large amount of deep roots. It not only consumes less water in the surface layer of the soil, but also helps to make full use of the deep water in the soil in the middle and late stages. Weak seedlings have weak roots and cannot fully utilize soil moisture. Therefore, it is particularly important to cultivate seedlings before winter under drought conditions.

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